Transformer Monitoring, Testing and Diagnostics

Project start: January 2007

Abstract

Monitoring (continuous on-line monitoring) of the key parameters gives a continuous insight into transformer operation and condition and warns if there are deviations from the regular state and condition, therefore enabling a timely reaction to the occurring problems. Some problems require immediate response and in that respect, the advanced monitoring systems shall give recommendations on the basis of embedded expert knowledge. If the problems are developing slowly, testing is performed in order to define the condition more accurately.

Diagnostics on the basis of the information available provides an interpretation of fault causes and necessary actions to be taken. Decisions, testing, and diagnostics must be based upon the complete measurement results. Monitoring systems are rather new systems, which are installed to the transformers together with the existing control and protection systems. Although monitoring focuses on the changes in the measured parameters, measurement uncertainty is of relevance for the right decision making.

The monitoring system in its final form will integrate all parallel systems to a unit (monitoring, diagnostics, control, and protection). Such system will enable detection of faults in the early phase, prevention or minimization of fault consequences, increased availability (reduced outages and better planning of turn-offs), optimization of transformer management (controlled overload, life-time estimation, lifetime prolongation), faulty conditions analysis and increased human safety and better environmental protection. The significant improvement in this area is expected through research in the area of:

This will be verified through simulation on mathematical and physical models as well as through testing in a real environment. Research and development of monitoring, testing and diagnostics will enhance the transformer management, increase their reliability, reduce the material damage caused by faults, protect humans and the environment from transformer fire and eventually lower the risk of electrical energy trade.